The United Farm Workers (UFW) is a pioneering labor union in the United States dedicated to improving the lives and working conditions of farm laborers. Founded officially in 1962, the UFW emerged from the merger of the National Farm Workers Association, started by César Chávez and Dolores Huerta, and the Agricultural Workers Organizing Committee, led by Larry Itliong. This union became a powerful voice for farmworkers, especially those of Mexican and Filipino descent, who faced harsh labor conditions in agriculture.
The UFW’s mission centers on securing better wages, safer working environments, legal protections, and union representation for farmworkers. It stands out as the first successful union to organize farm laborers in the U.S., a sector historically excluded from many labor rights. The union has worked tirelessly to protect undocumented workers, fighting for their rights despite their vulnerable status.
One of the UFW’s most notable achievements was the Delano Grape Strike that began in 1965. This strike united Filipino and Mexican farmworkers in a prolonged effort to demand better pay and humane treatment from grape growers in California. The strike attracted national attention through widespread boycotts and community support, eventually leading to significant labor contracts that improved conditions for workers. This movement helped establish the UFW as a major force in labor activism and inspired similar campaigns nationwide.
The union’s influence extended into politics with the California Agricultural Labor Relations Act of 1975. This groundbreaking legislation was the first in the United States to protect the rights of farmworkers to organize and bargain collectively with their employers. The UFW’s advocacy was critical in pushing for this law, which set a precedent for labor protections in agriculture and empowered workers across the state.
The UFW also focused on health and safety issues, campaigning against harmful pesticide use in fields and demanding protections for workers exposed to dangerous chemicals. This emphasis on worker safety continues to be a key part of the union’s agenda.
Currently, the United Farm Workers continues to advocate for fair treatment of agricultural workers, especially as immigration policies affect many in this workforce. The union actively supports reforms that provide a pathway to citizenship for undocumented workers and opposes harsh immigration raids that separate families and disrupt communities. UFW President Teresa Romero has voiced strong opposition to federal immigration operations that harm farmworker communities, calling for legal protections rather than deportations.
The union also highlights the vulnerability of children in farmworker families. Many children are involved in agricultural work, often excluded from standard child labor protections. The UFW urges lawmakers to extend legal safeguards to these young workers and ensure they receive support rather than punishment.
The motto of the United Farm Workers, “Sí Se Puede” (“Yes, We Can”), has become a symbol of hope and empowerment not only for farmworkers but for many social justice movements across the country. This spirit of non-violent protest and community organizing remains at the heart of the union’s work.
Despite its many successes, the UFW has faced challenges, including declining membership due to changes in labor practices and internal leadership struggles. However, it remains a vital advocate for farmworkers, continuing to organize, educate, and support workers in their fight for dignity and fairness.
Today, the United Farm Workers plays a critical role in ongoing efforts to reform labor laws and protect immigrant rights. Its work influences policy, public awareness, and grassroots activism, ensuring that the voices of farmworkers are heard in national conversations about justice and equity.
The legacy of the UFW is reflected in the annual observance of César Chávez Day, which honors the union’s founder and the movement he helped build. This day serves as a reminder of the enduring struggle for farmworker rights and the power of collective action.
As farm labor remains essential to the nation’s food supply, the United Farm Workers continues to be a key organization fighting for the rights, safety, and well-being of those who work tirelessly behind the scenes in America’s fields.
